Characterized by hypertrophic rugae (1-3 cm in height).

Site: Proximal greater curvature of the stomach or generalized in the body and fundus.

Histological features: Foveolar hyperplasia, glandular atrophy. Elongated, tortuous, dilated gastric pits are lined by mucous secreting cells. Pits extend to the mucosa where they became cystic. Some cystically dilated glands extend into the submucosa, producing gastritis cystica profunda. Lamina propria edematous, infiltrated by smooth muscle  fibers.

Abstracts:

- The natural history of hypertrophic gastropathy (Menetrier's disease). Report of a case with 16 year follow up and review of 120 cases from the literature. Am J Med 1977; 63: 644-652

- Hyperplastic gastropathy. Clinicopathologic correlation. Am J Surg Pathol. 1991;15: 577-585

- Menetrier's disease:  a form of hypertrophic gastropathy or gastritis? Gastroenterology. 1993: 1310-1319

Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Surround the cardioesophageal junction. In portal hypertensive gastropathy there is mucosal and submucosal capillary and venous ectasia.
Other features: ulceration, erosion, multiple petechiae.

GASTRIC VARISES: Image link (endo)- Gastrolab

Subcardial region. Anatomically weak area. Outpouching of the full thickness of gastric wall. Food impaction and occasionally haemorrhage occurs.

Abstracts:

- Gastric diverticulum. A case report with long-term follow-up and a review of the literature.Minerva Chir. 2003 Aug;58(4):607-13. 

- An unusual case of gastric diverticulosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1991; 86: 1817-1819

-Stomach diverticula and their clinical significance.Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1988 Apr 1;43(7):193-5.

Middle aged & elderly men. On lesser curve of the stomach within 6 cm of gastro-esophageal junction . Histologically, abnormal, large muscular artery , 1.5 mm in diameter, run  through submucosa and approach mucosa. Superficial erosion often present.

Abstracts:
- Gastric hemorrhage due to ruptured arteriovenous malformation (Dieulafoy's disease). Pathology 1986; 18: 54-57

-  Multiple arterial caliber persistence resulting in hematomas and fatal rupture of the gastric wall.  Am J Surg Pathol. 1982; 6:83-86

- Fatal rupture of gastric aneurysm.  Arch Pathol. 1955 ; 59: 363-371

Dilated , distorted and dysplastic vessels lined by endothelium.  Small amount of smooth muscle fibre maybe present.  The vessels have an abnormal distribution and aberrant morphology. Vascular channels are separated from the gastric lumen by single layer of endothelial cells.

 ANGIODYSPLASIA OF STOMACH :Image link (endo)- Gastrolab

Rare lesion. Differential diagnosis: Elastosis & elastofibromatous changes.

Abstracts:

-Elastosis and elastofibromatous change in the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic study of 13 cases and a review of the literature.Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 Aug;122(2):232-7.

-Laceration of gastric mucosa associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis.Clin Nephrol. 2005 Dec;64(6):448-51.

-A case report of localized gastric amyloidosis.World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Nov;9(11):2632-4.

- Localised primary amyloidosis of stomach presenting with gastric haemorrhage. Acta Med Scand 1987;221:115-119

- Amyloid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. A report of two cases and review of the literature. Am J Gastroenterol 1985; 80: 784-786
 

Telangiectatic lesions on the  parallel longitudinal rugal folds of the antrum. Endoscopically: Distinctive parallel, intensely red stripes.

Histological features: Stripes correspond to markedly dilated tortuous mucosal capillaries. Vessels contain fibrin thrombi. Fibrohyalinosis with fibromuscular hyperplasia of the lamina propria  may be present.

Abstracts:

-Histopathologic changes are not specific for diagnosis of gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) syndrome: a review of the pathogenesis and a comparative image analysis morphometric study of GAVE syndrome and gastric hyperplastic polyps. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998 May;109(5):558-64.

- Gastric antral vascular ectasia. Hum Pathol 1991 ; 22: 1053-1055

- Gastric antral vascular ectasia. A histologic and morphometric study of "the watermelon stomach" Am J Surg Pathol 1987 ; 11: 750-757

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