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Ischemic heart disease is a group of
closely related syndromes due to ischemia, which means an imbalance
between the supply and demand of the heart for oxygenated blood.
Assessment of Ischaemic Myocardial Damage: CLICK
Sudden Cardiac Death: CLICK
Ischemia results not only from lack of
oxygen (hypoxia, anoxia), but also due to reduced availability of
nutrients and inadequate removal of metabolites.
Ischemia may be caused by:
1. Reduced coronary blood flow
(more than 90 % of cases), due to atherosclerosis with vasospasm or
thrombosis or both.
Uncommon causes of reduced blood flow are arteritis, emboli, cocaine-induced vasospasm and shock with systemic
hypotension.
2. Increased myocardial demand
exceeding vascular supply -
Example: Tachycardia, hypertrophy.
Reduced oxygen supply due to certain
conditions may contribute to cardiac damage .
Example: Severe anemia ;
advanced lung disease ; cyanotic congenital heart disease ; carbon
monoxide poisoning or cigarette smoking.
1.
Angina pectoris. ;
2. Acute myocardial infarct.
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