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Esophageal
carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor. The tumour is composed of both
carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The multiple designations of
names such as pseudosarcoma, pseudosarcomatous carcinoma, polypoid
carcinoma etc. reflect the controversy on the nature of sarcomatous
component of this lesion.
Age-
Occurs in middle aged male.
Clinical presentation-
Dysphagia and weight loss.
Macroscopic features -
Present in mid & lower esophagus . Bulky,
polypoid, intraluminal tumour.
Microscopic features-
Characterized by:
-
Biphasic histologic pattern.
i) Malignant spindle cells
ii) In-situ or invasive squamous cell carcinoma (occasionally adenocarcinoma)
- The malignant spindle cells (predominant component) arranged in
interlacing fascicles.
-Numerous mitotic figures and bizarre giant cells
-Malignat heterologous elements (bone, cartilage, striated muscle).
- The tumour infiltration is usually superficial
(accounts for better prognosis).
- The metastatic tumour may contain one or both
components.
Immunohistochemistry-
Spindle cells may be positive
with
cytokeratin. Smooth
muscle and neural markers
are usually
negative.
Differential diagnosis-
-
Polypoid leiomyosarcoma - multiple deeper blocks are necessary to
demonstrate in-situ or invasive carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry is also
useful in establishing the diagnosis.
- Granulation tissue with bizarre stromal cells.
Visit:
Biphasic Epithelial/Mesenchymal Lung Tumours
;
Pulmonary
Carcinosarcoma ;
Pulmonary Blastoma
; Leiomyosarcoma
of the Soft Tissue ; |